Container instead of VM: Why do all the sudo? [was Re: Software updater no longer functional]
Ralf Mardorf
silver.bullet at zoho.com
Sat Jan 28 16:52:16 UTC 2017
On Sun, 29 Jan 2017 03:18:22 +1100, Karl Auer wrote:
>On Sat, 2017-01-28 at 16:49 +0100, Ralf Mardorf wrote:
>> sudo mount -wL moonstudio /mnt/moonstudio/
>
>What are you mounting. I.e., what has the label "moonstudio" and where
>did it come from?
It's an Ubuntu install, other than a chroot, the systemd-nspawn boot
option (-b) should handle everything, even if the Ubuntu install is
spread among different partitions.
[rocketmouse at archlinux ~]$ blkid -L moonstudio
/dev/sdb11
[rocketmouse at archlinux ~]$ sudo mkdir /mnt/moonstudio
[rocketmouse at archlinux ~]$ sudo mount /dev/sdb11 /mnt/moonstudio/
[rocketmouse at archlinux ~]$ ls /mnt/moonstudio/
bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin snap srv sys tmp usr var
[rocketmouse at archlinux ~]$ grep PRETTY /mnt/moonstudio/etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS"
[rocketmouse at archlinux ~]$ sudo systemd-nspawn -qD /mnt/moonstudio/ lsb_release -d
Description: Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS
[rocketmouse at archlinux ~]$ sudo systemd-nspawn -qD /mnt/moonstudio/
[root at moonstudio ~]# lsb_release -d
Description: Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS
[root at moonstudio ~]# logout
[rocketmouse at archlinux ~]$ lsb_release -d
bash: lsb_release: command not found
[rocketmouse at archlinux ~]$ grep PRETTY /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Arch Linux"
[rocketmouse at archlinux ~]$ sudo systemd-nspawn -bqD /mnt/moonstudio/
systemd 229 running in system mode. (+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA +APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ -LZ4 +SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD -IDN)
Detected virtualization systemd-nspawn.
Detected architecture x86-64.
Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS!
Set hostname to <moonstudio>.
Failed to install release agent, ignoring: No such file or directory
[ OK ] Listening on Journal Socket.
[ OK ] Listening on Syslog Socket.
[ OK ] Listening on Journal Socket (/dev/log).
[ OK ] Created slice System Slice.
Starting Journal Service...
[ OK ] Reached target Swap.
Mounting Huge Pages File System...
[ OK ] Reached target Remote File Systems (Pre).
[ OK ] Reached target Remote File Systems.
[ OK ] Reached target Encrypted Volumes.
Mounting POSIX Message Queue File System...
[ OK ] Created slice User and Session Slice.
[ OK ] Reached target Slices.
[ OK ] Started Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch.
[ OK ] Reached target User and Group Name Lookups.
[ OK ] Listening on /dev/initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.
Starting Uncomplicated firewall...
Starting Remount Root and Kernel File Systems...
[ OK ] Started Uncomplicated firewall.
[ OK ] Mounted POSIX Message Queue File System.
[ OK ] Mounted Huge Pages File System.
systemd-remount-fs.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
[FAILED] Failed to start Remount Root and Kernel File Systems.
See 'systemctl status systemd-remount-fs.service' for details.
systemd-remount-fs.service: Unit entered failed state.
systemd-remount-fs.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
[ OK ] Started Dispatch Password Requests to Console Directory Watch.
Starting Load/Save Random Seed...
[ OK ] Reached target Local File Systems (Pre).
[ OK ] Reached target Local File Systems.
Starting Clean up any mess left by 0dns-up...
[ OK ] Created slice system-getty.slice.
Starting LSB: AppArmor initialization...
Starting Tell Plymouth To Write Out Runtime Data...
[ OK ] Started Load/Save Random Seed.
[ OK ] Started Tell Plymouth To Write Out Runtime Data.
[ OK ] Started Clean up any mess left by 0dns-up.
Starting Nameserver information manager...
[ OK ] Started Nameserver information manager.
[ OK ] Started LSB: AppArmor initialization.
Starting Raise network interfaces...
[ OK ] Started Journal Service.
Starting Flush Journal to Persistent Storage...
[FAILED] Failed to start Raise network interfaces.
See 'systemctl status networking.service' for details.
[ OK ] Reached target Network.
[ OK ] Reached target Network is Online.
[ OK ] Started Flush Journal to Persistent Storage.
Starting Create Volatile Files and Directories...
[ OK ] Started Create Volatile Files and Directories.
Starting Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown...
[ OK ] Reached target System Time Synchronized.
[ OK ] Started Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown.
[ OK ] Reached target System Initialization.
[ OK ] Started Timer to automatically refresh installed snaps.
[ OK ] Started ACPI Events Check.
[ OK ] Listening on D-Bus System Message Bus Socket.
[ OK ] Listening on ACPID Listen Socket.
[ OK ] Listening on UUID daemon activation socket.
[ OK ] Reached target Paths.
[ OK ] Started Daily apt activities.
Starting Socket activation for snappy daemon.
[ OK ] Started Daily Cleanup of Temporary Directories.
[ OK ] Reached target Timers.
[ OK ] Listening on Socket activation for snappy daemon.
[ OK ] Reached target Sockets.
[ OK ] Reached target Basic System.
Starting LSB: Realtime IRQ thread tunning....
Starting Restore /etc/resolv.conf if the system crashed before the ppp link was shut down...
Starting Login Service...
Starting LSB: Set the CPU Frequency Scaling governor to "ondemand"...
Starting Permit User Sessions...
[ OK ] Started Snappy daemon.
[ OK ] Started D-Bus System Message Bus.
Starting LSB: Record successful boot for GRUB...
Starting Accounts Service...
Starting LSB: daemon to balance interrupts for SMP systems...
Starting System Logging Service...
Starting /etc/rc.local Compatibility...
[ OK ] Started Deferred execution scheduler.
Starting Auto import assertions from block devices...
Starting Alice DHCP...
Starting LSB: Postfix Mail Transport Agent...
[ OK ] Started Restore /etc/resolv.conf if the system crashed before the ppp link was shut down.
[ OK ] Started Permit User Sessions.
[ OK ] Started LSB: Postfix Mail Transport Agent.
[ OK ] Started Login Service.
[ OK ] Reached target Mail Transport Agent.
Starting Light Display Manager...
[ OK ] Started LSB: Realtime IRQ thread tunning..
[ OK ] Started /etc/rc.local Compatibility.
Starting Hold until boot process finishes up...
[ OK ] Started Hold until boot process finishes up.
Starting Set console scheme...
[ OK ] Started Console Getty.
[ OK ] Reached target Login Prompts.
[FAILED] Failed to start Set console scheme.
See 'systemctl status setvtrgb.service' for details.
[ OK ] Started LSB: Set the CPU Frequency Scaling governor to "ondemand".
[ OK ] Started LSB: daemon to balance interrupts for SMP systems.
[ OK ] Started LSB: Record successful boot for GRUB.
[ OK ] Started System Logging Service.
[ OK ] Started Light Display Manager.
[ OK ] Started Auto import assertions from block devices.
Starting Authenticate and Authorize Users to Run Privileged Tasks...
[ OK ] Started Authenticate and Authorize Users to Run Privileged Tasks.
[ OK ] Started Accounts Service.
[ OK ] Stopped Light Display Manager.
Starting Light Display Manager...
[ OK ] Started Light Display Manager.
[ OK ] Stopped Light Display Manager.
Starting Light Display Manager...
[ OK ] Started Light Display Manager.
[ OK ] Stopped Light Display Manager.
Starting Light Display Manager...
[ OK ] Started Light Display Manager.
Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS moonstudio console
moonstudio login: weremouse
Password:
Last login: Sat Jan 28 16:44:43 CET 2017 on console
Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.9.6-1-ARCH x86_64)
* Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com
* Management: https://landscape.canonical.com
* Support: https://ubuntu.com/advantage
System information as of Sat Jan 28 17:50:06 CET 2017
System load: 0.18 Processes: 18
Usage of /: 77.3% of 25.08GB Users logged in: 0
Memory usage: 33% IP address for enp3s0: 192.168.1.159
Swap usage: 0%
Graph this data and manage this system at:
https://landscape.canonical.com/
[weremouse at moonstudio ~]$ shutdown -h now
[weremouse at moonstudio ~]$ Stopping Session c1 of user
weremouse. Stopping User Manager for UID 1000...
[ OK ] Stopped target Graphical Interface.
[ OK ] Stopped target Multi-User System.
Stopping D-Bus System Message Bus...
Stopping Snappy daemon...
[ OK ] Stopped target Login Prompts.
Stopping LSB: Record successful boot for GRUB...
Stopping LSB: daemon to balance interrupts for SMP systems...
Stopping Authenticate and Authorize Users to Run Privileged
Tasks... Stopping Accounts Service...
[ OK ] Stopped target Mail Transport Agent.
Stopping LSB: Realtime IRQ thread tunning....
Stopping LSB: Postfix Mail Transport Agent...
[ OK ] Removed slice system-getty.slice.
Stopping Console Getty...
Stopping System Logging Service...
[ OK ] Stopped target Timers.
[ OK ] Stopped Daily apt activities.
[ OK ] Stopped Timer to automatically refresh installed snaps.
[ OK ] Stopped Daily Cleanup of Temporary Directories.
Stopping Alice DHCP...
Stopping LSB: Set the CPU Frequency Scaling governor to
"ondemand"... Stopping Deferred execution scheduler...
[ OK ] Stopped Snappy daemon.
[ OK ] Stopped Accounts Service.
[ OK ] Stopped System Logging Service.
[ OK ] Stopped Deferred execution scheduler.
[ OK ] Stopped Console Getty.
[ OK ] Stopped Authenticate and Authorize Users to Run Privileged
Tasks. [ OK ] Stopped User Manager for UID 1000.
[ OK ] Stopped Session c1 of user weremouse.
[ OK ] Stopped D-Bus System Message Bus.
[ OK ] Stopped LSB: Realtime IRQ thread tunning..
[ OK ] Stopped LSB: Postfix Mail Transport Agent.
[ OK ] Stopped Alice DHCP.
[ OK ] Stopped LSB: Record successful boot for GRUB.
[ OK ] Stopped LSB: daemon to balance interrupts for SMP systems.
[ OK ] Stopped LSB: Set the CPU Frequency Scaling governor to
"ondemand". [ OK ] Stopped target System Time Synchronized.
[ OK ] Removed slice User Slice of weremouse.
Stopping Login Service...
Stopping Permit User Sessions...
[ OK ] Stopped /etc/rc.local Compatibility.
[ OK ] Stopped target Network is Online.
[ OK ] Stopped target Network.
[ OK ] Stopped Login Service.
[ OK ] Stopped Permit User Sessions.
[ OK ] Stopped target Remote File Systems.
[ OK ] Stopped target Remote File Systems (Pre).
[ OK ] Stopped target Basic System.
[ OK ] Stopped target Slices.
[ OK ] Removed slice User and Session Slice.
Unmounting /tmp...
[ OK ] Stopped target Paths.
[ OK ] Stopped Dispatch Password Requests to Console Directory Watch.
[ OK ] Stopped ACPI Events Check.
[ OK ] Stopped Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch.
[ OK ] Stopped target Sockets.
[ OK ] Closed Socket activation for snappy daemon.
[ OK ] Closed Syslog Socket.
[ OK ] Closed UUID daemon activation socket.
[ OK ] Closed D-Bus System Message Bus Socket.
[ OK ] Closed ACPID Listen Socket.
[ OK ] Stopped target System Initialization.
[ OK ] Stopped target Swap.
Stopping Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown...
Stopping Load/Save Random Seed...
[ OK ] Stopped target Encrypted Volumes.
[ OK ] Stopped target User and Group Name Lookups.
[ OK ] Stopped Load/Save Random Seed.
[ OK ] Stopped Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown.
[ OK ] Stopped Create Volatile Files and Directories.
[ OK ] Stopped target Local File Systems.
Starting Unattended Upgrades Shutdown...
Unmounting /run/user/1000...
Unmounting /proc/sysrq-trigger...
Unmounting /run/systemd/nspawn/incoming...
Unmounting /proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id...
[ OK ] Unmounted /tmp.
[ OK ] Unmounted /proc/sysrq-trigger.
[ OK ] Unmounted /run/user/1000.
[ OK ] Unmounted /run/systemd/nspawn/incoming.
[ OK ] Reached target Unmount All Filesystems.
[ OK ] Stopped target Local File Systems (Pre).
[ OK ] Unmounted /proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id.
[ OK ] Started Unattended Upgrades Shutdown.
[ OK ] Reached target Shutdown.
Sending SIGTERM to remaining processes...
Sending SIGKILL to remaining processes...
Powering off.
[rocketmouse at archlinux ~]$
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