I've been watching the australian drama The Code on bbc4 . there's quite a lot of linux based command line stuff in it and some nice shots of some gnome type desktops. Fantastic series too. Also the main character is someone with aspergers. That may be of interest to some people in this forum possibly. Forgive my poor grammar as i'm using google voice typing for this message. Steve Roberts <div class="gmail_quote">On 18 Oct 2014 13:00, <<a href="mailto:ubuntu-uk-request@lists.ubuntu.com">ubuntu-uk-request@lists.ubuntu.com</a>> wrote: <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Send ubuntu-uk mailing list submissions to <a href="mailto:ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com">ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com</a> To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit <a href="https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-uk" target="_blank">https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-uk</a> or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to <a href="mailto:ubuntu-uk-request@lists.ubuntu.com">ubuntu-uk-request@lists.ubuntu.com</a> You can reach the person managing the list at <a href="mailto:ubuntu-uk-owner@lists.ubuntu.com">ubuntu-uk-owner@lists.ubuntu.com</a> When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific than "Re: Contents of ubuntu-uk digest..." Today's Topics: 1. Re: Swap area not created on install (J Fernyhough) 2. Re: Swap area not created on install (Gordon Burgess-Parker) 3. Re: Swap area not created on install (J Fernyhough) 4. Re: Swap area not created on install (Gordon Burgess-Parker) 5. Re: Swap area not created on install (J Fernyhough) 6. Re: Swap area not created on install (Gordon Burgess-Parker) 7. Re: Swap area not created on install (J Fernyhough) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Message: 1 Date: Fri, 17 Oct 2014 14:39:44 +0100 From: J Fernyhough <<a href="mailto:j.fernyhough@gmail.com">j.fernyhough@gmail.com</a>> To: UK Ubuntu Talk <<a href="mailto:ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com">ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com</a>> Subject: Re: [ubuntu-uk] Swap area not created on install Message-ID: <CAAsys0cJU=S34uqJ9jzUoOwZE_o0P67sN=<a href="mailto:EjNDhTzzX78JeL-A@mail.gmail.com">EjNDhTzzX78JeL-A@mail.gmail.com</a>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 On 17 October 2014 14:26, Gordon Burgess-Parker <<a href="mailto:gordonbp@mail.com">gordonbp@mail.com</a>> wrote: > > Can anyone tell me what the 1.1 GB partition is, and as presumably I do need > a Swap area, how do I create one? > That's your swap device. Check free -m: me@pc ~> free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 7680 4660 3019 221 3 1141 -/+ buffers/cache: 3515 4164 Swap: 9398 0 9398 Note the "Swap:" line. If you have that swap is active; if you don't, it's not. Check also your /etc/fstab (run e.g. cat /etc/fstab). Mine has a line: # swap was on /dev/sdb6 during installation UUID=a156e2ed-db18-4064-9d6f-9bd310328c80 none swap sw 0 0 Yours should show as /dev/ubuntu-vg/swap_1. If it's present but not active, type: sudo swapon /dev/ubuntu-vg/swap_1 This should get it to show as active. If it's not present, add it in. Two choices: 1) Find its UUID by running: sudo blkid Mine shows: /dev/sda6: UUID="a156e2ed-db18-4064-9d6f-9bd310328c80" TYPE="swap" Then you can use a line similar to my /etc/fstab in your own. 2) Specify it by /dev instead, e.g.: /dev/ubuntu-vg/swap_1 none swap sw 0 0 J ------------------------------ Message: 2 Date: Fri, 17 Oct 2014 15:20:01 +0100 From: Gordon Burgess-Parker <<a href="mailto:gordonbp@mail.com">gordonbp@mail.com</a>> To: <a href="mailto:ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com">ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com</a> Subject: Re: [ubuntu-uk] Swap area not created on install Message-ID: <<a href="mailto:54412591.40406@mail.com">54412591.40406@mail.com</a>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="windows-1252"; Format="flowed" On 17/10/14 14:39, J Fernyhough wrote: > > Check free -m: > > me@pc ~> free -m > total used free shared buffers cached > Mem: 7680 4660 3019 221 3 1141 > -/+ buffers/cache: 3515 4164 > Swap: 9398 0 9398 That says Swap: 0 0 0 > Check also your /etc/fstab (run e.g. cat /etc/fstab). Mine has a line: > > # swap was on /dev/sdb6 during installation > UUID=a156e2ed-db18-4064-9d6f-9bd310328c80 none swap sw > 0 0 > > Yours should show as /dev/ubuntu-vg/swap_1. The result of cat/etc/fstab is: # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # /boot was on /dev/sda1 during installation UUID=ba8d370e-f29c-4c18-ae93-650b7fe5f2a2 /boot ext2 defaults 0 2 /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 none swap sw 0 0 > If it's present but not > active, type: > > sudo swapon /dev/ubuntu-vg/swap_1 > > This should get it to show as active. If it's not present, add it in. > Two choices: > > 1) Find its UUID by running: > > sudo blkid > > Mine shows: > > /dev/sda6: UUID="a156e2ed-db18-4064-9d6f-9bd310328c80" TYPE="swap" Output of blkid: /dev/sda1: UUID="ba8d370e-f29c-4c18-ae93-650b7fe5f2a2" TYPE="ext2" /dev/sda5: UUID="f114109b-288a-432e-85bb-ba6be511ad58" TYPE="crypto_LUKS" /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt: UUID="GVodJX-Am7J-fDKW-PWoG-7XBA-LpvG-U3G5NB" TYPE="LVM2_member" /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root: UUID="c0f919a1-e626-44d6-b621-73134eeefda4" TYPE="ext4" > > Then you can use a line similar to my /etc/fstab in your own. > > 2) Specify it by /dev instead, e.g.: > > /dev/ubuntu-vg/swap_1 none swap sw 0 0 > > > J > I'm now confused! -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: <<a href="https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-uk/attachments/20141017/d89bdab5/attachment-0001.html" target="_blank">https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-uk/attachments/20141017/d89bdab5/attachment-0001.html</a>> ------------------------------ Message: 3 Date: Fri, 17 Oct 2014 15:28:21 +0100 From: J Fernyhough <<a href="mailto:j.fernyhough@gmail.com">j.fernyhough@gmail.com</a>> To: UK Ubuntu Talk <<a href="mailto:ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com">ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com</a>> Subject: Re: [ubuntu-uk] Swap area not created on install Message-ID: <<a href="mailto:CAAsys0dgWvfpc5qFc5hw72QGDbG0XVup0O1tRS6C7pZr_ZcOLQ@mail.gmail.com">CAAsys0dgWvfpc5qFc5hw72QGDbG0XVup0O1tRS6C7pZr_ZcOLQ@mail.gmail.com</a>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 On 17 October 2014 15:20, Gordon Burgess-Parker <<a href="mailto:gordonbp@mail.com">gordonbp@mail.com</a>> wrote: > > Output of blkid: > > /dev/sda1: UUID="ba8d370e-f29c-4c18-ae93-650b7fe5f2a2" TYPE="ext2" > /dev/sda5: UUID="f114109b-288a-432e-85bb-ba6be511ad58" TYPE="crypto_LUKS" > /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt: UUID="GVodJX-Am7J-fDKW-PWoG-7XBA-LpvG-U3G5NB" > TYPE="LVM2_member" > /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root: UUID="c0f919a1-e626-44d6-b621-73134eeefda4" > TYPE="ext4" > Oki, so it doesn't look like it's actually created a swap partition. What's the output of 'ls /dev/mapper/' ? J ------------------------------ Message: 4 Date: Fri, 17 Oct 2014 15:31:41 +0100 From: Gordon Burgess-Parker <<a href="mailto:gordonbp@mail.com">gordonbp@mail.com</a>> To: <a href="mailto:ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com">ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com</a> Subject: Re: [ubuntu-uk] Swap area not created on install Message-ID: <<a href="mailto:5441284D.2060204@mail.com">5441284D.2060204@mail.com</a>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="windows-1252"; Format="flowed" On 17/10/14 15:28, J Fernyhough wrote: > On 17 October 2014 15:20, Gordon Burgess-Parker <<a href="mailto:gordonbp@mail.com">gordonbp@mail.com</a>> wrote: >> Output of blkid: >> >> /dev/sda1: UUID="ba8d370e-f29c-4c18-ae93-650b7fe5f2a2" TYPE="ext2" >> /dev/sda5: UUID="f114109b-288a-432e-85bb-ba6be511ad58" TYPE="crypto_LUKS" >> /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt: UUID="GVodJX-Am7J-fDKW-PWoG-7XBA-LpvG-U3G5NB" >> TYPE="LVM2_member" >> /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root: UUID="c0f919a1-e626-44d6-b621-73134eeefda4" >> TYPE="ext4" >> > Oki, so it doesn't look like it's actually created a swap partition. > What's the output of 'ls /dev/mapper/' ? > > J > control sda5_crypt ubuntu--vg-root ubuntu--vg-swap_1 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: <<a href="https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-uk/attachments/20141017/ae4bcc59/attachment-0001.html" target="_blank">https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-uk/attachments/20141017/ae4bcc59/attachment-0001.html</a>> ------------------------------ Message: 5 Date: Fri, 17 Oct 2014 15:36:16 +0100 From: J Fernyhough <<a href="mailto:j.fernyhough@gmail.com">j.fernyhough@gmail.com</a>> To: UK Ubuntu Talk <<a href="mailto:ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com">ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com</a>> Subject: Re: [ubuntu-uk] Swap area not created on install Message-ID: <CAAsys0dT7itWu8gn-c5eQN=<a href="mailto:6yDEvsLFRPX_63ixFHkoRNkg6DA@mail.gmail.com">6yDEvsLFRPX_63ixFHkoRNkg6DA@mail.gmail.com</a>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 On 17 October 2014 15:31, Gordon Burgess-Parker <<a href="mailto:gordonbp@mail.com">gordonbp@mail.com</a>> wrote: > > control sda5_crypt ubuntu--vg-root ubuntu--vg-swap_1 > Nice - so the device is present, I reckon it just needs to be formatted. sudo mkswap /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-swap_1 sudo swapon /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-swap_1 Once it's formatted it should also show up in 'blkid'. After swapon it should show as active in 'free'. ------------------------------ Message: 6 Date: Fri, 17 Oct 2014 15:42:59 +0100 From: Gordon Burgess-Parker <<a href="mailto:gordonbp@mail.com">gordonbp@mail.com</a>> To: <a href="mailto:ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com">ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com</a> Subject: Re: [ubuntu-uk] Swap area not created on install Message-ID: <<a href="mailto:54412AF3.5040209@mail.com">54412AF3.5040209@mail.com</a>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252; format=flowed On 17/10/14 15:36, J Fernyhough wrote: > sudo mkswap /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-swap_1 > sudo swapon /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-swap_1 Looks like that's it. Swap is now showing up in System Monitor as available with 1GB of space. As I'm going to add another GB of RAM shortly, will it expand automatically, or if not, can I increase the Swap area? Thanks for all your help! ------------------------------ Message: 7 Date: Fri, 17 Oct 2014 18:35:02 +0100 From: J Fernyhough <<a href="mailto:j.fernyhough@gmail.com">j.fernyhough@gmail.com</a>> To: UK Ubuntu Talk <<a href="mailto:ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com">ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com</a>> Subject: Re: [ubuntu-uk] Swap area not created on install Message-ID: <CAAsys0d41yMRCxPfi22OKxYj6YcLkC4+9=<a href="mailto:KRs2bfcrqE74GSZQ@mail.gmail.com">KRs2bfcrqE74GSZQ@mail.gmail.com</a>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 On 17 October 2014 15:42, Gordon Burgess-Parker <<a href="mailto:gordonbp@mail.com">gordonbp@mail.com</a>> wrote: > On 17/10/14 15:36, J Fernyhough wrote: >> >> sudo mkswap /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-swap_1 >> sudo swapon /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-swap_1 > > > Looks like that's it. > Swap is now showing up in System Monitor as available with 1GB of space. > Just to make sure it's pointed out, you'll need to add it to your fstab to get it activated on each boot. > > As I'm going to add another GB of RAM shortly, will it expand automatically, > or if not, can I increase the Swap area? > It won't expand automatically, and I'm not sure how LVM will respond to resizing the first (root) group. I remember having problems shrinking an ext4 partition to allow the volume group to be shrunk, though you should be fine if you can take the disk offline (e.g. use a USB live image). So it's possible, but a faff, and with more RAM you should need swap less. If you're stuck you could create a swap file instead and do away with the separate partition (I'll leave that as an exercise for now ;). > > Thanks for all your help! > More than welcome. ;) I'm glad there was something on this list I could help with! ------------------------------ -- ubuntu-uk mailing list <a href="mailto:ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com">ubuntu-uk@lists.ubuntu.com</a> <a href="https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-uk" target="_blank">https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-uk</a> End of ubuntu-uk Digest, Vol 114, Issue 14 ****************************************** </blockquote></div>