[Bug 1810052] [NEW] Grub install fails during Dual Boot Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Install with Win10Pro

[Tres Equis]

Public bug reported:

Original: Fujitsu LIFEBOOK E782 with Windows 10 Pro; one SDD, no further
HDD

First installation of Ubuntu 18.04 LTS one week ago alongside Win 10 worked fine.
Booting the Desktop-CD from USB (with no needed UEFI setting changes) worked fine, partitioning with gparted and installation on Desktop-CD finished normally.
During booting always GRUB screen to choose between Ubuntu and Windows. --> Perfect.

BUT After first use of Windows 10: No GRUB menu anymore, but always direct start into Windows. 
Reason!?: Fast boot was not deactivated. Deactivation did not solve the problem. (And in UEFI menu no secure boot options available that could be deactivated. And if these would be the reason, Ubuntu should not have worked before!?)

When entering boot options on startup and choosing Ubuntu (which is
still at first boot position) nothing happens. Obviously second boot
option "Windows" is always entered because first boot option "Ubuntu"
fails.

BUT why is a priorly fully-working Ubuntu not usable anymore after one
Windows start with first activated but meanwhile deactivated fast boot
option?

My try: New install of Ubuntu in the same way like initially done - with the Ubuntu-Desktop from USB.
BUT NOW: During installation GRUB cannot be installed anymore - tried two times now.
During installation I left the boot loader installation location to default /dev/sda, although precisely the Windows bootloader is at /dev/sda2 because I read multiply times that in EFI mode this is detected automatically.
Detailed system info will hopefully be in the automatic debug information with the report.

Thanks for any help,
best regards!

ProblemType: Bug
DistroRelease: Ubuntu 18.04
Package: ubiquity 18.04.14.6 [modified: lib/partman/automatically_partition/question]
ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 4.15.0-29.31-generic 4.15.18
Uname: Linux 4.15.0-29-generic x86_64
ApportVersion: 2.20.9-0ubuntu7.2
Architecture: amd64
CasperVersion: 1.394
Date: Sat Dec 29 20:10:41 2018
InstallCmdLine: BOOT_IMAGE=/casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper quiet splash ---
LiveMediaBuild: Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS "Bionic Beaver" - Release amd64 (20180725)
SourcePackage: grub-installer
UpgradeStatus: No upgrade log present (probably fresh install)

** Affects: grub-installer (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New


** Tags: amd64 apport-bug bionic ubiquity-18.04.14.6 ubuntu

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1810052

Title:
  Grub install fails during Dual Boot Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Install with
  Win10Pro

Status in grub-installer package in Ubuntu:
  New

Bug description:
  Original: Fujitsu LIFEBOOK E782 with Windows 10 Pro; one SDD, no
  further HDD

  First installation of Ubuntu 18.04 LTS one week ago alongside Win 10 worked fine.
  Booting the Desktop-CD from USB (with no needed UEFI setting changes) worked fine, partitioning with gparted and installation on Desktop-CD finished normally.
  During booting always GRUB screen to choose between Ubuntu and Windows. --> Perfect.

  BUT After first use of Windows 10: No GRUB menu anymore, but always direct start into Windows. 
  Reason!?: Fast boot was not deactivated. Deactivation did not solve the problem. (And in UEFI menu no secure boot options available that could be deactivated. And if these would be the reason, Ubuntu should not have worked before!?)

  When entering boot options on startup and choosing Ubuntu (which is
  still at first boot position) nothing happens. Obviously second boot
  option "Windows" is always entered because first boot option "Ubuntu"
  fails.

  BUT why is a priorly fully-working Ubuntu not usable anymore after one
  Windows start with first activated but meanwhile deactivated fast boot
  option?

  My try: New install of Ubuntu in the same way like initially done - with the Ubuntu-Desktop from USB.
  BUT NOW: During installation GRUB cannot be installed anymore - tried two times now.
  During installation I left the boot loader installation location to default /dev/sda, although precisely the Windows bootloader is at /dev/sda2 because I read multiply times that in EFI mode this is detected automatically.
  Detailed system info will hopefully be in the automatic debug information with the report.

  Thanks for any help,
  best regards!

  ProblemType: Bug
  DistroRelease: Ubuntu 18.04
  Package: ubiquity 18.04.14.6 [modified: lib/partman/automatically_partition/question]
  ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 4.15.0-29.31-generic 4.15.18
  Uname: Linux 4.15.0-29-generic x86_64
  ApportVersion: 2.20.9-0ubuntu7.2
  Architecture: amd64
  CasperVersion: 1.394
  Date: Sat Dec 29 20:10:41 2018
  InstallCmdLine: BOOT_IMAGE=/casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper quiet splash ---
  LiveMediaBuild: Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS "Bionic Beaver" - Release amd64 (20180725)
  SourcePackage: grub-installer
  UpgradeStatus: No upgrade log present (probably fresh install)

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