[Bug 1578863] Re: unable to make backup link of <some-file> before installing new version: Operation not permitted

[untoreh]

#1318951

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Title:
  unable to make backup link of <some-file> before installing new
  version: Operation not permitted

Status in dpkg package in Ubuntu:
  Confirmed

Bug description:
  I accidentally reported this against bug 559127 via a duplicate but
  then realised that bug is specific to "Input/Output Error" so I'm
  reposting here.

  I've just encountered this with 16.04 whilst developing a bash script
  that cross-builds (on amd64) a complete custom armhf RasPi 2/3
  installation image.

  It triggered when linux-image packages were being unpacked by 'dpkg'
  to the chroot target /boot/ directory.

  The amd64 system has qemu-user-static and binfmt-support installed so
  that commands can be executed in the armhf target chroot.

  The command:

  $ sudo chroot /mnt/raspi dpkg -i /var/local/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-4.5.0-v7+_4.5.0-v7+-2_armhf.deb
  (Reading database ... 30501 files and directories currently installed.)
  Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-4.5.0-v7+_4.5.0-v7+-2_armhf.deb ...
  Unpacking linux-image-4.5.0-v7+ (4.5.0-v7+-2) over (4.5.0-v7+-2) ...
  dpkg: error processing archive /var/local/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-4.5.0-v7+_4.5.0-v7+-2_armhf.deb (--install):
   unable to make backup link of './boot/config-4.5.0-v7+' before installing new version: Operation not permitted
  dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
  Errors were encountered while processing:
   /var/local/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-4.5.0-v7+_4.5.0-v7+-2_armhf.deb

  and strace reveals:

  13605 utimes("/boot/config-4.5.0-v7+.dpkg-new", {{1462489111, 0}, {1458064430, 0}}) = 0
  13605 link("/boot/config-4.5.0-v7+", "/boot/config-4.5.0-v7+.dpkg-tmp") = -1 EPERM (Operation not permitted)

  Additional debug info using dpkg -D7777 ...

  ...
  D000100: setupvnamevbs main='/boot' tmp='/boot.dpkg-tmp' new='/boot.dpkg-new'
  D000100: tarobject already exists
  D000100: tarobject directory exists
  D000010: tarobject ti->name='./boot/config-4.5.0-v7+' mode=100644 owner=0:0 type=48(-) ti->linkname='' namenode='/boot/config-4.5.0-v7+' flags=2 instead='<non
  e>'
  D000100: setupvnamevbs main='/boot/config-4.5.0-v7+' tmp='/boot/config-4.5.0-v7+.dpkg-tmp' new='/boot/config-4.5.0-v7+.dpkg-new'
  D000100: tarobject already exists
  D000010: path_remove_tree '/boot/config-4.5.0-v7+.dpkg-new'
  D000010: path_remove_tree '/boot/config-4.5.0-v7+.dpkg-tmp'
  D000100: tarobject file open size=133889
  D000100: tarobject file hash=2666c2e844c3e9ce3a7121842743ed95
  D000100: tarobject nondirectory, 'link' backup
  dpkg: error processing archive /var/local/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-4.5.0-v7+_4.5.0-v7+-2_armhf.deb (--install):
   unable to make backup link of './boot/config-4.5.0-v7+' before installing new version: Operation not permitted
  D000010: cu_installnew '/boot/config-4.5.0-v7+' flags=202
  D000100: setupvnamevbs main='/boot/config-4.5.0-v7+' tmp='/boot/config-4.5.0-v7+.dpkg-tmp' new='/boot/config-4.5.0-v7+.dpkg-new'
  D000100: cu_installnew not restoring
  D000100: secure_remove '/boot/config-4.5.0-v7+.dpkg-new' unlink OK
  ...

  
  RasPi images require the boot file-system to be VFAT:

  $ mount | grep /mnt/raspi/boot
  /dev/mapper/VG_DATA-raspi1 on /mnt/raspi/boot type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro)

  $ sudo blkid /dev/mapper/VG_DATA-raspi1
  /dev/mapper/VG_DATA-raspi1: SEC_TYPE="msdos" LABEL="RASPI_4084" UUID="C5B8-3907" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="primary" PARTUUID="009a2020-4eec-451a-9bb7-b18241729fd1"

  As far as I recall it isn't possible to hard link on VFAT.

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