[MERGE] New rich-root repository type

[Aaron Bentley]

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Hi all,

This patch implements a rich-root repository format, so that bzr-svn
users can use it instead of dirstate-with-subtrees.
Dirstate-with-subtrees activates alpha-quality features in Bazaar, but
the rich-root format should be safe for all to use.

The fact that bzr-svn requires the use of dirstate-with-subtree
repositories has been a problem in several ways:
 - Users are required to find out about a hidden format
 - Users may encounter performance issues and broken functionality
 - Conflict between me and Jelmer

There are three possible solutions:
1. Make dirstate-with-subtrees safe
2. Implement a format that has rich roots, but not subtree references
3. Change bzr-svn to not require rich-roots

Option 1 would be ideal.  However, it involves significantly more work,
and I am unclear on Wouter's current status.  Even after the work is
submitted, I believe the review process would be quite involved.

Option 3 would require significant work by Jelmer, and he has made it
clear that he is not willing to give up rich-root support.

Option 2 adds an extra format with not a lot of benefit for the end
user.  It's extra code, but not a whole lot of extra code.  And it does
make the nested-by-value commands 'split' and 'join' work.

This patch is initial work, but should provide a usable format.  Future
work would involve:

- - creating an equivalent packs-format variant
- - optimizing the fetcher
- - possibly un-hiding the "split" and "join" commands.

Aaron
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